Management of Organophosphorus poisoning can be difficult at times, especially when there is no history of poisoning or where the compound is not known to begin with & which is compounded by the absence of odour. Plasmapheresis has been tried effectively in toxicology in the treatment of various toxic substances ingestion, and can replace circulating cholinesterase in these patients with organophosphate poisoning. We report a case of young boy who initially presented with unknown compound [...]

It is believed that neural plasticity plays an important role in the process of human cognition and motor practicing. Tremendous researches on neural plasticity have been done in the past 30 years. In this paper, we discussed the factors that may affect neural plasticity and the widely used modulation techniques. The purpose of this review is to present the current-state-of-art of neural plasticity studies and help readers to envision the future research directions.

People with epilepsy (PWE) have an increased risk for cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial disorders. The presence of comorbidities may directly affect quality of life of PWE. For example, there is an increased risk for suicide in PWE, compared to the general population. Association between epilepsy and mental disorders is a condition known since Antiquity, and its ranges from 20 to 50%, reaching 80% in selected populations, like individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and medically [...]

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for statistical modeling and optimization of low temperature dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of hemicellulose fraction of energy agro-crop cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.), as an entry point to complex biorefinery scheme. The 23 central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to assess the effect of the principal independent process variables (reaction time, temperature and acid concentration) on efficiency and selectivity of heteroxylan conversion to xylose. The second-order polynomial model was [...]

A three step efficient synthesis for the commercial production of 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate (16-DPA)- a potent steroid drug intermediate, from diosgenin, in an overall yield of 60%, has been developed, through generation of acetylonium ion (CH3C+=O) in optimum concentration from acetic anhydride using in the molar ratio of 1:3.5(diosgenin:Ac2O) in a pressure reactor in a medium of a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature in the range of 200oC with the corresponding in-built pressure of 5-6kg/cm2 (Step [...]

The removal and transport of ionized and non-ionized selenium’s were systemically investigated in this study. The charge repulsion between the membrane surface and selenium ions was an important mechanism for the rejection of ions by a charged membrane. In addition, selenium removal was significantly affected by the J0/k ratio, but was not affected by the cross-flow velocity. Both diffusion and convection are proven to affect the transport of selenium ions transports. The reflection coefficients of [...]

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an intracranial tumorous lesion that develops in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. PCNSL is very rare, but its prevalence has increased with the expansion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. It is diagnosed by imaging or biopsy. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been analyzed for the presence of diagnostic biomarkers for PCNSL. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the CSF is a widely used biomarker, but it [...]

Anemia is a frequent finding during routine assessment of patients prior to elective surgery. In this setting, anemia has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for negative post-operative outcomes as well as increased intra- and postoperative transfusion requirements. Historically, blood products were given in abundance to surgical patients, based on liberal “transfusion triggers”, i.e. mildly decreased hemoglobin or hematocrit levels prompted the transfusion of blood. Current guidelines propose a more restrictive approach for surgical [...]

As a resource, the need for allogeneic red cell has never been more in demand than it is today. Escalating elective surgery, an ageing population, periodic shortages arising from a fall in supply, old and emerging threat of transfusion –transmissible infections and spiralling costs due to various safety introductions have all conspired to ensure that allogeneic red cell remains very much a vital but limited asset in healthcare delivery. Conserving blood makes sense. Effective stewardship [...]

In the present study, the crude ethanol extracts of Calotropis procera and Annona squamosa leaves have been screened for their larvicidal activities against Musca domestica. The third instar larvae of housefly were treated with the different concentrations of both the extracts by dipping method for 48 h. The LC50 values of the extracts of C. procera and A. squamosa leaves were found to be 282.5 and 550 mgl-1, respectively. The phytochemical analysis of these extracts [...]